The cone penetration test

A An acute respiratory illness was defined as the presence of at least 1 sign or 2 symptoms listed, representing a change from baseline.

Secondary outcome measures were the incidence of 4 measures of viral respiratory illness and infection: (1) acute respiratory illness (Box 1) with or without laboratory confirmation; (2) laboratory-detected respiratory infection, defined as detection of a respiratory pathogen by polymerase chain reaction or serological evidence of infection with a respiratory pathogen during the study surveillance period(s), which was added to the protocol prior to data analysis; (3) laboratory-confirmed respiratory illness, identified as previously described,23 defined as self-reported acute respiratory illness plus the presence of at least 1 polymerase chain reactionconfirmed viral pathogen (Box 2) in a specimen collected from the upper respiratory tract within 7 days of the reported symptoms and/or at least a 4-fold rise from preintervention to postintervention serum antibody titers to influenza A or B virus; and (4) influenzalike illness, defined as temperature of at least 100F (37. 8C) plus cough and/or a sore throat, with or without laboratory confirmation. Analyzed post hoc, participant adherence was reported as always or sometimes 89.

Always was reported 14566 (65. 2) times in the N95 respirator group and 15186 (65. 1) times in the medical mask group; sometimes, 5407 (24. 2) times in the N95 respirator group and 5853 (25. 1) times in the medical mask group; never, 2272 (10. 2) times in the N95 respirator group and 2207 (9. 5) times in the medical mask group; and did not recall, 85 (0. 4) times in the N95 respirator group and 69 (0. 3) times in the medical mask group. Participant-reported adherence could not be assessed in 784 participants (31. 2) in the N95 respirator group and 822 (30. 8) in the medical mask group (P=. 84) because of lack of response to surveys or lack of adherence opportunities (ie, participants did not encounter an individual with respiratory signs or symptoms). Below, weve compiled the top radiology procedures at imaging centers by total charges and by volume using claims analytics. Fig 1 Data from Definitive Healthcares platform on commercial claims analytics. Top CPT codes are from imaging center reports from CY 2018 and include diagnostic radiology procedures.

Individuals experiencing seroconversion were not required to have a detected symptomatic illness to meet the defined outcome. Influenza reagents used in the hemagglutination inhibition antibody assays were obtained from the International Reagent Resource Program, established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We have carried out many investigations using our hand portable pushing equipment under canopies next buildings and inside the confines of existing buildings for seismic upgrade projects. Both SDMT and CPT testing can be undertaken using this equipment. Disposable N95 respirators and medical masks are both worn by HCP for self-protection; however, these masks have different intended uses. N95 respirators are designed to prevent the wearer from inhaling small airborne particles,9 must meet filtration requirements,10 and fit tightly to the wearers face, limiting facial seal leakage. Medical masks, frequently called surgical masks, are intended to prevent microorganism transmission from the wearer to the patient. Medical masks fit the face loosely and do not reliably prevent inhalation of small airborne particles.

4 of the time in the N95 respirator group and 90. 2 of the time in the medical mask group. Additional details about adherence are included in Supplement 1. No serious study-related adverse events were reported. Nineteen participants reported skin irritation or worsening acne during years 3 and 4 at one study site in the N95 respirator group. Also in this section, note the advice regarding which codes may be billed together. Consider, for example, the code pair 74220 Radiologic examination, esophagus, including scout chest radiograph(s) and delayed image(s), when performed; single-contrast (eg, barium) study and 74240 Radiologic examination, upper gastrointestinal tract, including scout abdominal radiograph(s) and delayed image(s), when performed; single-contrast (eg, barium) study. These codes may never be billed together, according to NCCI edits. The work associated with 74240 includes the entire esophagus, not just the portion 74220 describes (the cervical esophagus). Adherence was reported on daily surveys 22330 times in the N95 respirator group and 23315 times in the medical mask group.

We are immensely grateful to the study personnel and coordinators, the supporting clinical staff, and, most importantly, the participants. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza. Secondary outcomes included incidence of acute respiratory illness, laboratory-detected respiratory infections, laboratory-confirmed respiratory illness, and influenzalike illness. Adherence to interventions was assessed. The Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial (ResPECT) was approved by the human subjects research board at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (protocol #10-NPPTL-O5XP) and the institutional review boards (IRBs) at the 7 participating health systems, as previously described,16 and approved or exempted by IRBs at the analysis and sample storage sites. All participants were permitted to participate for 1 or more years and gave written consent for each year of participation. Study intervention sites included outpatient settings at the Childrens Hospital Colorado (Aurora), Denver Health Medical Center (Denver, Colorado), Johns Hopkins Health System (Baltimore, Maryland), Michael E.

Results of the per-protocol analysis can be seen in Figure 2. A sensitivity analysis assessed whether there was evidence for bias in self-reported outcomes based on group assignment. In a prespecified multiple-imputation analysis, the rates of laboratory-confirmed influenza infection events were 204 of 2243 HCP seasons (9. 1) in the N95 respirator group and 190 of 2446 HCP-seasons (7. 8) in the medical mask group. Quantitative data are available in Supplement 3. The Cone Penetration Test (CPT) is undertaken by pushing an instrumented cone into the ground at a continuous rate. A cable from the cone, that runs through the push rods, sends information to a computer at the surface. The cone provides near-continuous data on the strength of the ground as it is pushed in. The cone records cone resistance, qc, sleeve friction, fs and pore water pressure, u2 at 10 mm depth intervals.

DeBakey Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center (Houston, Texas), VA Eastern Colorado Healthcare System (Denver), Washington DC VA Medical Center, and VA New York Harbor Healthcare System (New York). Sample storage and data analysis sites were the VA St Louis Healthcare System and St Louis University (St Louis, Missouri), University of Florida (Gainesville), University of Massachusetts (Amherst), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Dallas). And/or is especially prevalent in this section read the code descriptor thoroughly, on the lookout for the points mentioned, to make sure your code selection is accurate and covers all imaging modalities used. Knowing the equipment being utilized is key, as PET can be performed on a dedicated machine using only PET imaging, or it may be performed using a combination PET/CT camera. These types of studies will include reviewing anatomy in the field of view by examining the CT transmission images. The primary analysis used available data on all randomized participants for the primary comparison of the intervention. A per-protocol analysis, conducted at the same time as the primary analysis, included only individuals who completed at least 8 weeks of study participation.

As a service to our radiology clients, APS Medical Billing has summarized those changes to facilitate accurate reporting of the affected services as of January 1, 2021. What is the moral of the story? If your provider is still using outdated language like FNA performed with imaging guidance in documentation, you will need to ask what type of imaging was used. A difference of nearly 10 RVUs (on the non-facility side) between our lowest and our highest valued code cannot be ignored. Details like this can easily become the target of an audit if an in-doubt coder should bypass the step of clarifying. On the reverse side, picking the lowest-valued code because it seems safest could be doing your practices overall revenue a serious disservice. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging has also gotten revisions to its code descriptors, as well as four new codes. The description revisions allow for greater definition of the extent of the examination as it relates to body areas. The new codes 78830-78835 describe imaging for localization of tumor, inflammatory processes, or distribution of radiopharmaceutical using SPECT imaging.

These codes also include concurrent CT transmission in two cases. Again, reading imaging reports carefully to determine which region of the body is being addressed, as well as being aware of the type of technology used to perform the study, is crucial in correct code selection. Be careful when noting whether these metabolic studies were performed versus perfusion studies, as this will influence code selection. Scan documentation of these studies to identify if single or multiple studies were performed, and whether stress (exercise or pharmacologic) studies were performed in addition to studies at rest. Additional Contributions: We thank the members of the data and safety monitoring board, Daniel Morgan, MD (University of Maryland, Baltimore), Elizabeth Colantuoni, PhD (Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore), and Tia Powell, MD (Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx). We also thank David Weissman, MD (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) and Michael Hodgson, MD (Occupational Safety and Health Administration). None of our consults were financially compensated for their expertise, support, and guidance throughout the study.

Among 2862 unique randomized participants (mean [SD] age, 43 [11. 5] years; 2369 [82. 8] women), 2371 completed the ResPECT protocol over the course of 48 weeks of intervention spanning 4 years. Among these individuals, 1446 participated in one 12-week intervention period, 723 participated in two 12-week intervention periods, and 693 participated in 3 or more 12-week intervention periods, accounting for 5180 HCP-seasons enrolled and randomized from 137 medical centers. Following randomization, 491 participants withdrew or were excluded because the cluster size was below a preestablished threshold of 2. Overall, 4689 HCP-seasons were included in the per-protocol analysis (2243 in the N95 respirator group and 2446 in the medical mask group; Figure 1). Some members of the primary analytic cohort did not complete all weeks of the study and were missing serological outcomes. Data were missing because of early withdrawal in 189 of 2512 participants (7. 5) in the N95 respirator group and 145 of 2668 (5. 4) in the medical mask group. In the per-protocol analysis, data were missing from 16 of 2243 participants (0. 7) in the N95 respirator group and 28 of 2446 (1.

3 per 1000 HCP-seasons) vs 745 in the medical mask group (IR, 279. 2 per 1000 HCP-seasons) (difference, 8. 9 per 1000 HCP-seasons [95 CI, 33. 3 to 15. 4]; P=. 47; adjusted IRR, [95 CI, ]) (Table 2 and Figure 2). Overall, 371 laboratory-confirmed respiratory illness events occurred in the N95 respirator group (IR, 147. 7 per 1000 HCP-seasons) vs 417 in the medical mask group (IR, 156. 3 per 1000 HCP-seasons) (difference, 8. 6 per 1000 HCP-seasons [95 CI, 28. 2 to 10. 9]; P=. 39; adjusted IRR, [95 CI, ]). There were 128 influenzalike illness events in the N95 respirator group (IR, 51. 0 per 1000 HCP-seasons) vs 166 in the medical mask group (IR, 62. 2 per 1000 HCP-seasons) (difference, 11. 3 per 1000 HCP-seasons [95 CI, 23. 8 to 1. 3]; P=. 08; adjusted IRR, [95 CI, ]). Results were similar in the adjusted primary analysis and per-protocol analyses (Figure 2).

1) in the medical mask group. At Ground Investigation we undertake our cone penetration testing in general accordance with internationally recognised procedures as outlined in ASTM D5778and ISO 22476-1. In addition our cones are regularly calibrated in-house in our own calibration laboratory. Study personnel obtained swabs of the anterior nares and oropharynx21 (FLOQSwabs UTM, Diagnostic Hybrids) from participants who self-reported symptoms of respiratory illness (Box 1). Symptomatic swabs were collected within 24 hours of self-report, and again if signs or symptoms persisted beyond 7 days. If symptomatic participants were not at work, samples were self-obtained using a structured process and shipped to the study laboratory. During each 12-week intervention period, 2 random swabs were obtained from all participants, typically while asymptomatic. Additionally, each year, paired serum samples obtained from all participants were assayed for influenza hemagglutinin levels before and after peak viral respiratory season.

Ground Investigation Ltd operate a large range of CPT cones from different manufacturers and of different sizes and sensitivities. Therefore ensuring that we have the right cone available for the particular ground conditions at your site. Our range includes sensitive cones (20 MPa) for soft clay applications and 100 MPa cones for dense sands and gravels. We have both compression and subtraction cones available and all of our cones are electronic piezocones that measure pwp at the u2 position. Fig 2 Data from Definitive Healthcares platform on commercial claims data. Top CPT codes are from imaging center reports from CY 2018 and include diagnostic radiology procedures. The prespecified primary outcome was the incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza, defined as detection of influenza A or B virus by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction22 in an upper respiratory specimen collected within 7 days of symptom onset; detection of influenza from a randomly obtained swab from an asymptomatic participant; or influenza seroconversion (symptomatic or asymptomatic), defined as at least a 4-fold rise in hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers to influenza A or B virus between preseason and postseason serological samples deemed not attributable to vaccination.

Delegações e laboratórios SGS

Within each medical center, for each study year, pairs of clusters (clinics and other settings) were matched by the number of participants, health services delivered, patient population served, and additional personal protective equipment. One cluster was randomly assigned to the medical mask group and one to the N95 respirator group. Random allocation of clusters required using constrained randomization, a process that maintains random assignment and balance between Computer-generated random sequences of group assignments were generated by an individual not involved in the study implementation and data analyses. Random sequences of assignment assured that every participant in each season had an equal probability of being assigned to the N95 respirator and medical mask groups and allowed participants to switch groups between seasons. Occupational Safety and Health Administrationaccepted fit testing15 of N95 respirators was conducted annually for all study participants. The study sites were randomized to provide 380 cluster-seasons of observation over 4 consecutive intervention periods. Of the 2862 participants, 1416 participated for more than 1 year or intervention period.

12T CPT Truck Rig
Geomil Lynx 200 CPT Crawler Rig
22T Geomil CPT Truck Rig
15T Truck + Pagani CPT Rig
Pagani CPT Rig
Morooka Tracked Carrier
Trailer Terrier Sampling Rig
Hand Portable CPT Rig
Screw Driving Sounding Machine
Tractor CPT & Sampling Rig

Building Seismic Upgrades | Ghuznee Street, Wellington

Choosing a CPT cone for the ground conditions at your site

However, medical masks prevent hand-to-face contact and facial contact with large droplets and Comparative effects of the interventions were estimated for the primary and secondary outcomes by calculating odds ratios (ORs; for binary outcomes) and incidence rate ratios (IRRs; for count outcomes) between participant clusters randomly assigned to wear N95 respirators or medical masks. Laboratory-confirmed influenza was modeled using logistic regression and viral respiratory infection and illness outcomes were modeled using Poisson regression. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses (both prespecified) were conducted according to the statistical analysis plan (Supplement 2). The primary outcome was an adjusted analysis, as specified in the statistical analysis plan. Prespecified covariates used in adjusted analyses included age, sex, race, number of household members younger than 5 years, occupation risk level (defined as low, medium, or high), binary season-specific influenza vaccination status, the proportion of daily exposures to others with respiratory illness, categorical self-reported adherence to hand hygiene, and intervention group assignment.

O método de ensaio CPT consiste na utilização de um equipamento hidráulico para empurrar uma ponta do cone instrumentado para dentro do solo através de várias hastes. Ele mede continuamente a resistência necessária para penetrar no solo a uma velocidade constante de dois centímetros por segundo. A força total que atua sobre o cone é chamada de resistência de cone e verifica a qualidade de seu solo. A força que age sobre as hastes de sondagem fornece a fricção total. Medidas com um cone elétrico, equipado com uma luva de atrito, fornecem a resistência ao atrito lateral local (CPT-E). Usamos o ensaio mais confiável do mundo, o ensaio de penetração do cone (CPT). O CPT é um método de ensaio in situ usado para determinar as propriedades de engenharia geotécnica e delinear a litologia do seu solo. Para ter solo fértil, use os serviços de ensaio de penetração de cone da SGS para determinar a qualidade e o poder de recuperação do solo. Fale hoje mesmo com nossa equipe qualificada. Each year the American Medical Associations CPT-4 code manual is revised to delete codes and/or guidelines, and to add or revise codes to reflect current technologies, techniques, and services.

Prespecified adherence rates were calculated as the proportion of reports of adherence in each group reporting always, sometimes, never, or did not recall. Comparison of proportions between groups were done using χ2 statistics and comparisons of binomial proportions. Analyses included random effects to account for correlation of outcomes at site-level and individual-level random effects to account for correlation of outcomes at the individual level for participants who participated for multiple seasons. When imaging guidance is involved, coders may have difficulty selecting the correct procedure code due to several factors. These commonly include: Regarding secondary outcomes, there were 1556 acute respiratory illness events in the N95 respirator group (incidence rate [IR], 619. 4 per 1000 HCP-seasons) vs 1711 in the medical mask group (IR, 641. 3 per 1000 HCP-seasons) (difference, 21. 9 per 1000 HCP-seasons [95 CI, 48. 2 to 4. 4]; P=. 10; adjusted IRR, [95 CI, ]). There were 679 laboratory-detected respiratory infection events in the N95 respirator group (IR, 270.